5 Important Rules of Management

1.      Dealing with Colleagues :

Dealing with colleagues at the work place should not present many problems when everyone works independently there will be nothing to bother about. All that may do is to be cordial friendly and helpful. One can share mutual interests and ensure that there is harmony amongst everyone when the activities are interlinked and productivity of one affects the rest. One will have to be careful not to let others down and upset the team work.

2.      Be Productive :

A lot of time and effort is wasted every day when people fail to comprehend what is communicated to them. In every office a large number of letters, circulars, memos, noting’s and emails are circulated and exchanged. Yet human nature is such that many of these are not understood and workers fail to carry out the instructions ultimately productivity suffers. Finally one must ensure that the message has reached where it was sent.  

3.      Must Understand market Trends :

Retail selling is not for everyone. It requires a direct contact with the customer and the customers are known to have personal likes and dislikes. To be successful in retail selling one would do well to understand the customer must be willing to work for long hours. The typical retailer open shop in the morning and is amongst the last to close. One never knows when a customer may walk in.  

4.      Self Confidence :

It is necessary that a person must evaluate personal opportunity to review both the achievements and failures’ and improve upon past performances. Try a hand at new activities. Success is the best confidence builder. Keep repeating your success. At no time should your faith in your personal ability suffer increase your interest.

5.      Effective Communication :

For effective written communication one must remember the five Cs. The communication must be

Clear: It must tell clearly what is to be done.

Concise: If it is lengthy the real purpose of the message may be last lost in the words.

Courteous: It has been observed that requests promote action sooner than an order.

Convincing: Unless the reader is convinced that the request needs to be acted upon communication will remain in effective.

Complete: If the communication leaves behind an element of doubt, it will not be complete. Action will not be forthcoming.

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Zero Grazing Benefits, Opportunities and Challenges

Overgrazing has been causing huge and incalculable resource losses. To mitigate and reverse these problems, the system of zero grazing was introduced.

To the best of the researcher’s knowledge in our country there is no research done on the benefits, opportunities and challenges of zero grazing after its implementation.

The researches done on such issues are about the adoption of Zero grazing practices and even are very few.

This is, therefore, the reason the researcher became motivated to study on the general objective of the research which is benefiting, opportunities and challenges of zero grazing practices after implementation and assessed from socio-cultural, economic and environmental point of view.

The study was conducted in Abraha Weatsibha Kebele of kilte Awlalo Woreda, Eastern zone of Tigray region.

The researcher used both primary and secondary data and done by triangulation with focus group discussion. Both structured and unstructured questions for a sample size of 120 were employed under the judgmental sampling. Data was processed and analyzed by tools of tables, graphs and percentages by using spss Vs 16.0.

The findings of the study will be helpful for among others, lobby and advocacy in scaling up best practices of zero grazing to other parts of the region.

As the findings pointed out the practice of zero grazing has significantly contributed for more children's enrollment, centralized production of animal waste for energy and for fertilizer, increasing income, better livestock quality, productivity, productivity, buying of dairy cows and livestock fattening.

Government institutions are providing better support to farmers on rehabilitation of the environment. Though not accessible to all, there are better provisions of artificial insemination, better medication, better vaccination, increased credit access and expanded irrigation.  In spite of the fact that farmers have bylaws by which they will be governed on the use of grazing lands, there are some farmers who rarely let their livestock go to the closed grazing areas.

The inappropriateness of the system for large herd made farmers reduce their livestock size. This is a problem that farmers considered as a challenge.

Overall, these results suggest that zero grazing practice benefited households and can contribute to sustainable use of the environment. Given the role that zero grazing practice plays, therefore, the researcher recommends that the time to act to scale up zero grazing practices to other areas is now.

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Declining Standard of Sports in India – Essay

In today's time sports are no more considered to be wastage of time in major part of the world.

This is quite evident that as many International championships like World Cup, Asian Games, Olympics and Common Wealth Games are organized to promote both the outdoor and indoor games.

But Indians are still far behind in the thinking, we have world's 2nd largest population and we are far behind in the tally of the gold medals in the Olympics.

India is not deemed to be a respectable nation when it comes to sports. Even though, huge amount is spent on training and grooming of the players we still have not been able to achieve the desired results.

The prime reason for poor performances is corruption & political interference. Due to this many time a good player is left out. As a result of that no good players get entries into some important sports competitions and to prove their worth take escape through doping. Doping is a way to enhance the performance by the means of drugs and steroids.

This provides instant energy and boost in the performance manifold times. But, ethically it is wrong as sports are all about honest Endeavour, commitment and fair play. Being ethical while playing is of great importance.

To improve the standard of the game it is really important to give the selection committee a free hand so that there can be no chances of foul play and favoritism. NGO's should make efforts to promote all types of sports.

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Barak Valley A Promising Land in India’s Map

A drive through Budhurail-Rengti road which is constructed under Pradhan Mantri Gram Sadak Yojana (PMGSY) recently will enthrall a traveler with sprawling green paddy field on the right and chains of blue Rengti Hill range on the left.

Earlier a visit to this nondescript village on the west of Silchar town in Cachar district – although not far from this main town of Barak Valley was nightmarish because of worst condition of road.

People used to travel by bicycle or on foot only to reach this part of the district. During monsoon the area was inaccessible even on foot. However, entire landscape and lifestyle of the people of the area has changed over night with the construction of the road under PMGSY with a cost of nearly Rs 4 crore only.

This is one of the examples how the road communication scenario in the three districts of Barak Valley areas of Assam has witnessed a sea change over past one decade and during the Congress and the UPA regime in particular in the state and at the Centre respectively.

It’s understood that Cachar, Karimganj and Hailakandi districts of this southern Assam valley cry  for better road, rail and water connectivity, massive industrialization, a green revolution with the help of proper irrigation facilities, making local tea industry healthy and above all solution to the gigantic problem of unemployment.

To understand the social and economic character of Barak Valley and its constraints and opportunities that we should at first go through the history of that region in brief.

Geographically this Valley is surrounded by Barail Hills, Bhuban Hills, Jaintia Hills and the Lusai Hills from all the three sides except its western plain boundary with Bangladesh. Barak Valley is situated in the southern part of the Assam. The place is named after the Barak River, which originates from the hills of Nagaland.

The valley consists of three districts namely Cachar, Karimganj, and Hailakandi. While Silchar is the main hub of this valley and second largest city in Assam after Guwahati, Karimganj is the district headquarters of Karimgnaj district and is the second largest town in Barak Valley. It is considered as the cultural center of Barak Valley.

The official language of Barak Valley is Bengali. Apart from the Bengalis, this Valley is the home land of Kacharis, Hmar, Manipuris, Both Bishnupriya and Meitei, Rongmei Nagas,and tea garden community.

Religious composition of the valley population is Hindu: 50 per cent, Muslim: 46 per cent, and others four per cent.

Of the three districts, Karimganj and Hailakandi districts have a Muslim majority. Hindus are majority in Cachar district (60 per cent) while Muslims are majority in Karimganj district (53 per cent) and Hailakandi district (57 per cent).

The valley has a long history of Islam and Muslim life; half of the valley came under the rule of the Turk-Afghan dynasties of Bengal from the early 14th century and continued until the establishment of the Mughal Empire. However, the dominance of Muslim culture finally ended with the introduction of British rule in Bengal.

In 1947 when plebiscite held in Sylhet, the district got divided into two parts that are the eastern part of Sylhet which is known as Karimganj remained with India whereas the other part fell under Bangladesh.

The vegetation in the valley is mostly tropical evergreen and there are large tracts of rainforests in the northern and south-eastern parts of the valley.

The forests of Barak valley were once rich in wildlife but now it’s vanishing due to human onslaught. Rare species found are Hoolock gibbon, Phayre's leaf monkey, Pig-tailed macaque, Stump-tailed macaque, Masked Fin foot, White-winged Wood Duck, etc, have been recorded. The Asian elephant has already vanished from most of the valley. Only a herd of eight numbers of such elephants is noticed in Karimganj district bordering Bangladesh.

The southern part was also recommended as Dhaleswari wildlife sanctuary. Barail is the only wildlife sanctuary of the Barak valley region. It was initiated by noted naturalist Dr Anwaruddin Choudhury, who originally hailed from this region in early 1980s. This sanctuary was ultimately notified in 2004.

Before the partition, the valley had been enjoying smooth communication facilities with rest of the country through rail and water routes via now-Bangladesh to Kolkata. However, over the years since Independence and creation of Bangladesh in particular, the Valley has been suffering from lack of infrastructure in terms of communication.

For the 35 lakh population of Barak Valley it takes 20 hours or more to overcome a distance of 291 km to reach Guwahati – the capital city of Assam by train. One has to travel a distance of 408 km from Silchar to Guwahati by road at a cost that takes more than 15 hours. The journey through both rail and road is tedious, time consuming and full of uncertainties because both the routes are prone to landslide during the rainy season in particular.

A journey by train to Guwahati is subject to the process of transshipment at Lumding, because the broad gauge ends here and the meter gauge route starts. The 100-years-old meter gauge Hill section between Lumding and Badarpur, which is rich with its scenic beauty, witness frequent derailments of trains causing often disruption of rail connectivity and much harassment to the passengers. Transportation of essentials meant for Barak Valley, Tripura, Mizoram and Manipur hits the most as this rail route is considered as the lifeline for this part of North-East.

Cachar Paper Mill, a unit of the public sector Hindustan Paper Corporation Ltd situated at Panchgram in Hailakandi district is the worst sufferer because of communication bottlenecks. The lone large-scale industry in Barak Valley having a 100,000 MT capacity of paper is in direstraits conditions because the unit has been incurring lose due to non-availability of sufficient quantum of raw materials and marketing facilities of finished products over past years owing to worst communication facilities.

Cachar Sugar Mill, another large-scale state-owned industry at Anipur in Karimganj district had died an untimely death a decade back in the absence of infrastructure.

Tea, a major sector in Barak Valley dotted by 104 gardens is also largely hit by lack of communication and transportation facilities.

However, over nearly one decade a number of major projects undertaken by the governments that have helped create a silver lining in Barak Valley’s horizon. These include Lumding-Silchar broad gauge project, Silchar-Saurastra, East-West Corridor, declaration of Lakhipur-Bhanga stretch of Barak River as National Water Way No 6, extension of runway of Silchar Airport at Kumbhirgram and facilitate the only airport manned by IAF in southern Assam with night-landing facilities and landing and taking off of airbuses.

Apart from this, the main aim is to improve the condition of livelihood of common people, governments have taken up different projects under DRDA, NRHM, Sarba Shiksha Abhijan Mission, and the schemes have started providing with results in the valley. Understanding that there is a close link between rural connectivity and growth to be it in the area of trade, employment, education or healthcare, the Pradhan Mantri Gram Sadak Yojana (PMGSY), launched on December 25, 2000 seeks to provide all-weather roads to all unconnected rural habitations with a population of more than 500 persons. Barak Valley is major beneficiary in this respect.

So far 214-km Lumding-Silchar broad gauge goes, its set to be completed in December, 2013 and commissioned by January, 2014. The completion of the National Project will help in fulfilling longstanding demand of the people of the region and help boost trade and commerce, tourism industry, smoothening of communication of this part of North-East. The broad gauge project, foundation for which was laid by then Prime Minister H D Deve Gauda in 1996 is marred by inordinate delay and law and order situation in Dima Hasao district of the state and is a victim of “logistic problems” over the years.

(But these problems have by and large been over and it will be completed within the fresh time-frame as laid down by the NFR officials). The Rs. 4073.50 crore projects was declared National Project in 2004 which means 75 per cent funding will be met by ministry of finance and remaining 25 per cent by ministry of railways.

The first phase of the work for East-West Corridor is set to be completed soon.  Due to non-availability of permission from the forest and environment ministry work for a stretch of 31 km of the Corridor from Balacherra to Harangajao in Dima Hasao district under Barail wild-life sanctuary is yet to be taken up.

The proposed four-lane corridor would not only connect Silchar with Guwahati, but also with Porbandar through Muzafarpur, Kanpur and Chhatarpur points. The Corridor will help bring Barak Valley in a hand-shaking position with rest of the country leaving back the nightmarish journey through NH 6 (earlier NH 44) via Meghalaya which is dangerous, unsafe, and life-threatening and tiring for the commuters.

National Rural Health Mission (NRHM) has come as a blessing for the people of Barak Valley. Under NRHM programme, different health-related schemes including MMU, Boar Clinic, ASHA Radio, Mobile phone to Sun Centre ANM, Operation Smile, free operation for children having congenital disease, Susrusha, Sanjeevani, Sarathi-104, NCD, RHM have become operational in this southern-most part of Assam. Tea garden hospitals have been brought under NRHM. While the Mother NGO of NHRM in Cachar and Hailakandi districts is Desha Bandhu Club and in Karimganj it’s the Indian Red Cross Society.

Under Rs 100 crore projects the infrastructure of Silchar Medical Collage and Hospital (SMCH) has received a major boost over past five years. Assam minister for the department of health Himanta Biswa Sharma only recently asked the officials of the SMCH to prepare a vision plan for the next five years, so that SMCH can be available to cater this part of Assam and neighboring states in a better manner.

(“Money will not be a problem. You go on with the vision and submit before me). Our motto is to provide health service the poor people free of cost”, the health minister had said. Sharma also inaugurated 56-seated General Nursing and Midwifery (GNM) Training School at Karimganj in April.

The ministry of rural development has been entrusted with the responsibility of implementing the drinking water, housing and roads component of Pradhan Mantri Gramodaya Yojana (PMGY). Apart from this Indira Awaas Yojana (IAY), Credit Cum Subsidy Scheme (CCS), Swarnjayanti Gram Swarozgar Yojana (SGSY), Sampoorna Gramin Rozgar Yojana (SGRY) and Integrated Wastelands Development Program (IWDP) have also helped bring new hope in the lives of poor people of Barak Valley.

PHE projects, border area development including border fencing, construction of border roads along 124-km India-Bangladesh border in Barak Valley is on the path of smooth progress.

A major awakening is noticed among the pupil, teachers and the guardians across the valley due to programme implemented under Sarba Siksha Abhijan Mission. Although the fresh timetable of taking off of classes from 9 am has received mixed response.

Chief minister Tarun Gogoi’s announcement to grant Rs 1,000 crore for the development of the three districts of Barak Valley is seen as the present government’s keenness to bring this Valley in the mainstream of development process of the Nation.

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Benefits and Risks of Nuclear Technology

There is no doubt that we all are living in nuclear age. The nuclear technology is employed in various fields having both its positive and negative aspects.

It is used in medical field to cure diseases like cancer. The gamma radiations can kill invading cancerous cells effectively but it is not without menace as normal and healthy cells of the body also get destroyed.

Other merit of nuclear technology is that it can generate enormous power in less time. Many developing and even advanced countries have set up nuclear power plants to generate electricity.

However, these power plants are always full of perils because there is always threat of radiation seeping out from these plants, as had happened in Russia and Japan. Extreme precautions, sometimes, cannot avoid such unpleasant happenings.

The worst aspect of nuclear technology is the enrichment of uranium to make bombs and other hazardous weapons. In World War II, unrestrained use of nuclear weapons killed millions of people and paralyzed many generations. Hiroshima and Nagasaki were completely devastated. The fields there failed to produce crops for years.

Today, many countries have gained this technology and enough atom bombs have been made to destroy the planet. The whole world is going through some serious political and regional disparities. There is strong likelihood that any discrepancy in future will lead to great destruction.

In my opinion, even though the nuclear technology has some benefits but its demerits are far more. Therefore, either it should be completely banned or allowed to use for peaceful purposes only under strict control. Globally, strict laws should be made and stern actions should be taken against the countries that violate them.

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'Oggy and the Cockroaches' Becoming the Most Loved Show in India

We all loved the time when Tom and Jerry  aired as one of the most prominent cartoons during our childhood times, but with the end of Tom and Jerry series only few cartoons we able to reach these standards amongst them is a new television series which has made a significant place in the minds of new youngsters, with the changing entertainment pattern new additional way of presenting to the viewers has made ‘Oggy and the Cockroaches’ one of the most loved cartoons among the youngsters much like its "ancestor" Tom and Jerry, ‘Oggy and the Cockroaches’ too features the same concept where a Blue cat (known better as Oggy) is troubled by three cockroaches(Joey, Dee Dee and Marky) who make constant harassment to the cats during their day to day activities. This cartoon is a French cartoon from the 90's and it's about how three cockroaches trouble two cats at their best.

In India, Oggy et les Cafards used to air under its English name ‘Oggy and the Cockroaches’ on Nickelodeon India since 2009 with voice-actors voicing the characters in voices of famous Indian film stars in Hindi. The entire series was re-dubbed with different voices for Cartoon Network. As of 16th July 2012, this newly dubbed version of the show has begun airing on Cartoon Network India. The change of channel has also resulted in the change of voice actors for the programme but actors like Paresh Rawal, Shahrukh Khan, Sunny Deol, Sunil Shetty still remain the same.

Oggy the blue cat in the cartoon is mostly near the TV watching his shows or rest of the time planning strange stuffs sometimes acting somewhat female (or in some cases, dressing like a maid, gardening), or male (in one episode the roaches steal his laundry bag and keep dropping a track of clothes). Oggy's cousin Jack, a green and muscular figured cat, wants to find new plans to kill the Cockroaches.

In the cartoon one also features regularly which is their neighbour, Bob the big bulldog who is always fed up about all accidents which the cats and the cockroaches indulge in regularly.

In India recently the cartoon was made to enter new formats to feature them in new environments and situations where the marketing strategy which recently involved a multiplatform approach including on-air and online where Monica Tata, General Manager, Entertainment Networks, South Asia, Turner International India, explained the on-air promotion, “To fuel tune-ins and increase the on-air excitement, Cartoon Network has launched a contest called ‘Oggy di New House Party!’. The SMS-based responses would win exciting Oggy and the Cockroaches merchandise, with the bumper prize being a gift voucher worth Rs. 50, 000 for a fabulous home makeover. “The contest is on its peak with all great responses by the audience. She added “By zapping almost 550 schools, we are engaging over five lakh children through games, activities, merchandise based on Oggy and the Cockroaches,” said Tata, adding, “We are currently in discussions with regard to licensing Oggy and the Cockroaches merchandise in India.” This cartoon is reviewed to provide best audience experiences in the near future with its increasing demand amongst youngsters. Hope it remains the same with better viewing experiences.

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Anxiety Disorders in Children – Essay

In today’s fast paced competitive world kids are subject to high levels of stress. Fear and anxiety can be common and developmentally appropriate in most children.

Some of the common problems children face range from starting a new school, fear of natural calamities, social anxiety, fear of being bullied; pressure to succeed academically to several other complicated issues. Although worrying occasionally is normal, the severity and duration of these symptoms seem to be extended in children suffering from anxiety related disorders. If anxiety related disorders are left untreated it can severely impede academic and social progress of the child.

Some red flags of anxiety related disorders commonly observed in children are (a) being overly self-conscious (b) avoidance (c) obsessions (d) low self-esteem (e) extreme fears and being constantly stressed.

Anxiety related disorders can be broadly classified into the following categories namely (a) Separation anxiety (b) Social phobia (c) Generalized anxiety disorder. (d) Obsessive-Compulsive disorder. (e) Post-Traumatic Stress disorder

Separation anxiety is a psychological phenomenon where the child experiences severe anxiety when separated from individuals who have a strong emotional bonding with it. Symptoms of separation anxiety include extreme fear leading to impairment of normal functions, nightmares, and psychosomatic disorders.

Social phobia is characterized by overwhelming anxiety and excessive self-consciousness. When kids suffer from extreme shyness and self consciousness they may dread social situations.

Generalized anxiety disorder is caused by excessive, irrational and uncontrollable worry which manifest in the form of severe physical and psychological symptoms. It is characterized by fatigue, muscle tension, irritability and feeling of dread.

Obsessive-Compulsive disorder is characterized by performing repetitive acts to alleviate anxiety caused by disturbing thoughts or impulses.

Post-Traumatic Stress disorder results in extreme anxiety following a traumatic event.

The cause of anxiety related disorders in children is primarily due to the interaction between certain biological and environmental risk factors. Genetics and parenting style are predisposing factors for developing anxiety related disorders.

Parents should seek immediate medical attention if the duration and severity of anxiety in children does not decrease.Cognitive behavioral therapy can be very effective to shape the thought process and behavioral response to treat anxiety in kids.

Psychotherapy is another form of relaxation techniques that has been found to be highly effective in shaping the kids behavioral response. If none of the above methods seem to work the parents should consult with a medical practitioner regarding use of anti-anxiety medication.

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